Making An Abraham Lincoln Movie - 901 Words

Making an Abraham Lincoln movie can be very tricky and a difficult job. Everybody knows the story of Abraham Lincoln and knows the persona that President Lincoln can give out. Spielberg’s, Ford’s, and Griffith’s Lincoln all did very notable work. Griffith’s Lincoln in Birth of a Nation was a worthy performance by Henabery. Ford’s Young Mr. Lincoln was known as one great over all film. The scenes in the film were spot on and the Lincoln played by young Mr. Henry Fonda was the best in the business in the 1940s. Abe Lincoln in Illinois was produce by a loser known director, John Cromwell, but it was originally based on a play by Robert Sherwood. Abe Lincoln in Illinois was nominated for two Oscars, one of them being for Best Actor. Birth of a Nation, Young Mr. Lincoln, and Abe Lincoln in Illinois make a strong trio of Lincoln films but none of the can surpass Lincoln. Mr. Smith goes to Washington is not a Lincoln film but it resonates with two other Lincoln films, Lincoln and Birth of a Nation. Lincoln turned Mr. Smith goes to Washington just as it turned Birth of a Nation. The core of the Lincoln films is the story of how dirty some politicians can be. Lincoln is also considered on of those dirty politicians in his way he went about abolishing slavery. Remember in the film Lincoln he birdied Democrats to vote for the 14th amendment by securing them federal jobs. Although we have looked at some important Lincoln films there are still some other movies that playShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Lincoln 962 Words   |  4 Pages Actually, Steven Spielberg’s film named â€Å"Lincoln† starts during the time of the Civil War, when President Abraham Lincoln was requiring this war’s end. From the initial scene the cruelty of the war is clearly shown, mostly against African American soldiers. In fact, racial discrimination was a significant problem at that time and that was one of the biggest s truggles of Abraham Lincoln, as he attempted to maintain the whole nation as one union. The film describes the situation occurred in the 1860sRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1230 Words   |  5 Pageswhen Jack so his strength. Abraham Lincoln worked to earn money by doing farm work. When some people saw him reading while working they thought he was lazy but he just loved books. When Abe got older he studied law without a teacher. Abraham Lincoln became a lawyer. He was interested in politics. So people said that he should run for public office he ran for Senate, Congress then the most important one of all, President. Abraham Lincoln the 16th president. Abraham Lincoln had to do a lot while he wasRead MoreLincoln: An American Historical Drama Film by Steven Spielberg1004 Words   |  5 PagesLincoln is a 2012 American historical drama film directed and produced by Steven Spielberg, starring Daniel Day-Lewis as United States President Abraham Lincoln and Sally Field as Mary T odd Lincoln. The film is based in part on Doris Kearns Goodwins biography of Lincoln, Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln, and covers the final four months of Lincolns life, focusing on the Presidents efforts in January 1865 to have the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States ConstitutionRead MoreLeadership Lessons From Abraham Lincoln Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesTopic: Leadership Lessons from Abraham Lincoln. The American Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865 in the United States. As a war measure, Emancipation Proclamation is applied primarily to Southern states rebellion and later it spread its way to North. Emancipation Proclamation created a history in abolishing slavery suppressing the war and saving Republic. Abraham Lincoln left this aspect of legacy to the people. I really have no idea about Lincoln until I read the description of him by presidentialRead MoreAnalysis Of Steven Spielberg s Lincoln1788 Words   |  8 Pagessympathy with slaves. This caused a growing rift between the North and South, which eventually led to the civil war. Steven Spielberg’s Lincoln takes place during the last four months of President Abraham Lincoln s life, which coincided with the end of the civil war, and, not coincidentally, the death of slavery in America. The chronology of events in Lincoln is accurate for the most part, but there are a few things that happened out of place. During a house debate Thaddeus Stevens is told by JamesRead MoreFinal Four Months Of Abolishing Slavery1517 Words   |  7 PagesMonths of Abolishing Slavery. I am not a big fan of history movies; I didn’t watch the movie Lincoln when the teacher played it in class. I had to play it at home and pay close attention to be able to write a review about it. I ended up watching it twice for about five hours, and I don’t regret it at all; First, I watched it with a friend of mine and second time on my own; several incidents grabbed my attention. The movie was a significant history drama that narrates some major events in the history ofRead MoreMeaning Of Heroism1098 Words   |  5 Pages Heroes can be found everywhere in the world. Some can be found in real life, such as Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth president of the United Sates who led the Union in the war against slavery, and successfully abolished. Others are found stories known by many people, such as Cinderella, who overcame challenges with a kind heart and good deeds. Although heroes are found all over the world in both real life and imagination, what about them makes them heroic? One individual named Oliver Stone, believesRead MoreServand and Transformational Leadership1593 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Servant, Transactional and Transforming leadership model, what does Lincoln, Leo, and Dr. Stockman do well and why? To start with, I want to write about Abraham Lincoln. Most of the articles I read in regards to Lincoln suggest Lincoln as a follower of the â€Å"Constitutional Leadership Model†. Since I have to write in concern to the three styles mentioned above, Transformational Leadership is the one that fits best for Lincoln. â€Å"Transformational Leadership† deals with the issue on how the leadersRead MoreEssay about John F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln3151 Words   |  13 PagesJohn F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States of America. He served as President when the country was under war. Abe Lincoln was born in 1806 and grew up in the countryside as a pioneer. His mother died at a young age and he had a sister. His father married a widow that had three children and Abe Lincoln liked her very much. Every day he attended school and worked very hard on his fathers farm. John F. Kennedy was born in 1917 and died inRead MoreWhat Does The Phonograph Does For The Ear?1610 Words   |  7 Pagesfilms in the late 1800s, inspiration spread throughout the world. French Louis and Auguste Lumiere were incentivized by the kinetoscope and invented the cinematographe, a device that could project movie images to several spectators. These advances in movie technology made by Edison and Dickson lead to the movie theaters and portable camcorders we have today. Thomas Edison is a great example of how someone can change the world from just a single idea. Another important event on August 31st was in 1980

Political Socialization - 955 Words

Have you ever thought about why you have the political beliefs and values you do? Where did they come from? Are they simply your own ideas and experiences or have you been influenced by others in your thinking? This process by which individuals acquire their political beliefs and attitudes is called political socialization. In another words, Political socialization is a concept where the study of the developmental processes by which children and adolescents acquire political cognition, attitudes and behaviors. What people think and how they come to think it is of critical importance to the stability of the government. The beliefs and values of the people are the basis for a societys political culture and that culture defines the†¦show more content†¦Media took over and attempted to reshape what we all have experienced in the previews five years for the benefit of their own profit. Foreign investors came in and took advantage of others need at a very cheap cost. I remember, first commercial on the national television was about the new mall what was to replace the shelled down Olympic village and the new president was going to be at ceremony. New lottery game was advertised everywhere with faces of political party members. It like nothing has happening the year before. Another factors started to surface with me. Did a religion cause this terrible war? With so much talk about genocide and ethnic cleansing, religion was being though in school. At that time it was unbelievably hard to form your own opinions with so much information being fed to you by the mass media and government policies. Today, I look back to everything that has happened and how did I come to the thoughts and opinions I have about politics. Family was a primary influence in the development of my political orientation, mainly due to constant relationship between my parents and I. Schools became a source to enforce what I been hearing at home. Then Mass Media took over and tried to paint a picture of functions as a political information-giver to adolescents and young children. With placing political figures in everyday life and association with political parties, I can only imagine what their goal was. The earliestShow MoreRelatedThe Political Of Political Socialization863 Words   |  4 PagesThe process of political socialization is vital in the developing of how one views politics, the way they act or choose not to act, and how they identify within the political system. Although countless influences sway or attract us to a given political view, party, or identification, there are undoubtedly certai n factors that play a bigger role in this process. Some of the most prominent agents of political socialization are as follows; family, media, peers, education, religion, faith, race, genderRead MoreEssay about Political Socialization1002 Words   |  5 PagesPolitical Socialization Political socialization begins early on in life and is an ongoing process affecting individuals throughout. It is how people eventually identify personal beliefs and expectations in American politics. These political views can include our level of patriotism, faith in the democratic system, standards by which we hold governing bodies, and opinions regarding public policies. From the playground to the classroom, the office to the dinner table, much of our lives affectRead MorePolitical Socialization Is A Particular Type Of Political Learning915 Words   |  4 Pages Political Socialization is a particular type of political learning where people develop the attitudes, values, beliefs, opinions and behaviors that are conducive to becoming a good citizen in their country. With political socialization there are many factors that are present when these views are formed, many are very apparent like historical events, and a clear effect such as gender, race, and socio-economics status. My own political views were formed the same way as everybody else were.Read MoreThe Factors Of Political Socialization1448 Words   |  6 PagesCheryl Lee Robin Datta November 13, 2015 Exam #2 Similar to many of the things we are introduced to growing up as humans, our political knowledge is one of the things that does not derive from one specific source. Our thoughts on politics is constantly evolving and maturing as we encounter different agents throughout our lives. These agents of political socialization include our family, our education, the media, and many more. They shape our values and beliefs from the moment we are born to theRead MoreExamples Of Political Socialization825 Words   |  4 Pages Political socialization is something that goes unnoticed for a while until you realize what your political views are and why they are that way. Political Socialization can be defined as the lifelong process by which people form their ideas about politics and acquire political values. This process can be influenced by several factors such as what our peers think and what see on the news. These factors will shape an individual’s set of political attitudes and form o pinions about social issues. PoliticalRead MoreThe Internet : Political Socialization And The Internet906 Words   |  4 PagesWithin this essay, I will be discussing political socialization, which is the process of how the next generation acquires their political orientation and how this process sways society left or right on the political bell curve. Even though families, schools, and peers do sculpt a person political belief, a more recent but astronomically powerful force to shape an individual political opinion would be the internet. As the internet allows for an individual to consume a mass amount of media whetherRead MorePolitical Socialization And Social Socialization1357 Words   |  6 Pagesresult, we take on characteristics of our family, friends, and associates in the hopes of â€Å"fitting in.† One of these social norms includes political affiliation. This concept of forming political ideas through friends, family, and other social constructs such as the educat ion system and the media is called â€Å"political socialization.† Political socialization begins when we first learn of how our government works and can later help to form our own partisan orientation. This concept supposes that,Read MoreThe Importance Of Political Socialization1535 Words   |  7 PagesThe main task of political socialization is to shape an individual’s political orientation, attitudes, and behaviors so that they fit into a particular political system (Lee Zhan, 1991). Existing literature assumes one’s most important political attitudes are shaped relatively early in life, and that they remain stable in subsequent phases of life (Quintelier Hooghe, 2011). As political participation is a habit shaped early in life (Valentino, Gregorowicz Groenendyk, 2009; Aldrich, MontgomeryRead MoreFactors Influencing The Political Of Political Socialization1908 Words   |  8 PagesAnna Curl May 19, 2015 Assignment Two 1. Discuss the factors that contribute to political socialization. Of these factors, which ones do you believe are the most influential over your own political socialization? Explain why by citing specific examples. Political socialization is the process by which people acquire political beliefs. This has many different sources of influence that build off of each other and are related. The more obvious of influences come from our environment, which areRead MoreWhat is Political Socialization? Essay563 Words   |  3 PagesPolitical Socialization The presidential and congressional elections come down to the two main parties except for some congressional seats where independents may win an election. Many times voters mainly vote based on which party they affiliate with most and may not understand the candidate’s views on issues. The two parties do not encompass all of one person’s political views. To understand why a person votes a certain way is to understand their political ideology and how a person comes to their

A Letter about Trust Essay Example For Students

A Letter about Trust Essay Sam Vaknins Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web SitesThe Narcissistic condition emanates from a seismic break of trust, a tectonic shift of what should have been a healthy relationship with his primary objects and the transformation of his self into the subject of love. Some of these bad feelings are the result of deeply entrenched misunderstandings regarding the nature of trust and the continuous act of trusting. For millions of years nature embedded in us the notion that the past can teach us a lot about the future. This is very useful for survival. And it is also mostly true with inanimate objects. With humans the story is somewhat different: it is reasonable to learn from someones past behaviour about his future behaviour (even though this proves erroneous most of the time). But it is mistaken to learn from someones behaviour about other peoples. Actually, most psychotherapy is nothing but the effort to disentangle past from present, to teach the patient that the past is gone and has no reign over him anymore, unless the patient lets it to. Our natural tendency is to trust, because we trust our parents. It feels good to really trust. It is also an essential component of love and an important test. Love without trust is dependence masquerading as love. We must trust, it is almost biological. Most of the time, we do trust. We trust the Universe to behave itself according to the laws of physics, our army not to go mad and shoot us all, our nearest and dearest not to betray us. When trust is broken, the feeling is that a part of us dies, is hollowed out. Not to trust is abnormal and is the natural result of bitter or even traumatic life experiences. Mistrust or distrust are induced not by our own thoughts, nor by some device or machination of ours but by lifes sad circumstances. To continue not to trust is to reward the people who wronged us and made us distrustful in the first place. These people have long abandoned us and still they have a great, malignant, influence on our lives. This is the irony of the lack of trust. So, some of us prefer not to experience this sinking feeling: not to trust and not to be disappointed. This is both a fallacy and a folly. Trusting releases enormous amounts of mental energy, which could be better invested elsewhere. Naturally trust like knives can be dangerous to your health if used improperly. You have to know WHO to trust, you have to know HOW to trust and you have to know HOW to CONFIRM the existence of a functioning trust. First let me state clearly: people often disappoint and are not worthy of trust. They are often arbitrary, treacherous and vicious, or, worse, offhanded. You have to select your targets carefully. He who has the most common interests with you, who is investing in you for the long term, who is incapable of breaching trust (a good person), who doesnt have much to gain from betraying you is not likely to mislead you. These people you can trust. You should not trust indiscriminately. No one is completely trustworthy in all areas of life. Most often our disappointments stem from our inability to separate one area of life from another. A person could be sexually loyal but an utter danger when it comes to money (for instance, a gambler). Or a good, reliable father but a womanizer. You can trust someone to carry out some types of activities but not others, because they are more complicated, more boring, or do not appeal to his conscience. We should distinguish between people and allocate our trust accordingly. Then, we are not likely to be disappointed. We should not trust with reservations this is the kind of trust that is common in business and among criminals and its source is rational. Game Theory in Mathematics deals with questions of calculated trust. We should trust wholeheartedly but know who to trust in which field. Then we will be rarely disappointed. .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d , .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d .postImageUrl , .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d , .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d:hover , .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d:visited , .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d:active { border:0!important; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d:active , .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc015b29791ddf3c8943514a8416e9b2d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Confucianism EssayAs opposed to popular opinion, trust must be put to the test, lest it goes stale and staid. We are all somewhat paranoid. The world around us is so complex, so inexplicable, so overwhelming that we find refuge in the invention of superior forces. Some forces are benign (God) some arbitrarily conspiratorial in nature. There must be an explanation, we feel, to all these amazing coincidences, to us, to events. This tendency to introduce external powers and ulterior motives permeates human relations, as well. We gradually grow suspicious, inadvertently hunt for clues of infidelity or worse, masochistically relieved, even happy when we find some. The more te sted, the stronger our pattern-prone brain will embrace the trust established. Constantly in a precarious balance, our brain needs and devours reinforcements. Such testing should not be explicit it should be deduced from circumstances. My husband could easily have had a mistress or my partner could easily have stolen our money and, behold, they havent. Trust is based on the ability to predict the future. It is not so much the act of betrayal that we react to as it is the feeling that the very foundations of the world are shaking, that it is no longer safe because it is no longer predictable. These are the throes of death of one theory and the birth of another, as yet untested. Here is another important lesson: whatever the act of betrayal (with the exception of grave criminal corporeal acts) it is always limited, confined, negligible. Naturally, we tend to exaggerate the importance of the event. This serves a double purpose: indirectly it aggrandizes us. If we were worthy of such an unprecedented, unheard of, major betrayal we must be worthy, period. The magnitude of the betrayal reflects on us and reestablishes the fragile balance of powers between us and the universe. The second purpose is simply to gain sympathy and empathy mainly from ourselves, but also from our human environment. Catastrophes are a dozen a dime and in todays world it is difficult to provoke anyone to regard your personal disaster as anything exceptional. Amplifying the event has, therefore, some very utilitarian purposes. But, finally, the emotional lie is absorbed by the very liar and poisons his mental circulation. Re-proportioning, reordering and putting the event in perspectiv e will go a long way towards the commencement of a healing process. No betrayal stamps the world irreversibly or eliminates other possibilities, opportunities, chances and people. Time goes on, people meet and part, lovers quarrel and make love, dear ones live and die. It is the very essence of time that it erodes us all to the finest dust. Our only weapon however crude and maybe unwise against this unstoppable process is to trust each other.

The Nuremberg Trials free essay sample

These crimes against humanity included cases of prisoners of war being murdered, sent to concentration camps and abuse as well as harmless civilians being rounded up and â€Å"exterminated† in death camps. At the end of the war, the Allies (USA, France, Britain, and Russia) felt that the Germans had to be held accountable for their inhumane actions and felt justified to punish the Nazis in an international court of law. On November twentieth, 1945 the Nuremberg trials began where twenty one of the top Nazi leaders where being prosecuted for their crimes during the war. All of the Nazi defendants were considered innocent until proven guilty and were allowed to defend themselves against the charges. Some of the defendants such as Alfred Jodl, Wilhelm Keitel and Hans Frank used the defence that they were just following orders. Other defendants like Karl Doenitz and Albert Speer admitted their actions were wrong. Herman Goering believed his actions were for the greater good of Germany. We will write a custom essay sample on The Nuremberg Trials or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After researching and gaining the knowledge of the Nuremberg Trials I believe that all six of these Nazi leaders are guilty and I think the judges decided on appropriate sentences for each of the accused.All six of these men helped lead the Germans to commit some of the most brutal crimes the world has ever seen and each of them had to face the consequences of their actions. Throughout Germany during the early to mid-1900’s, people were taught to obey their hierarchy and to not question authority. From children listening to their parents to soldiers following the captain’s orders, the Germans were a nation who obeyed orders. During the Nuremberg Trails Alfred Jodl, Wilhelm Keitel, and Hans Frank used the defence that they did nothing wrong as they were just following orders.Alfred Jodl had been Chief of Operations for the German High in Command (OKW) and was Hitler’s principal military adviser. During the examination period, Alfred Jodl stated, â€Å"I don’t see how they (the tribunal) can fail to recognize a soldier’s obligations to obey orders. That’s the code I’ve lived by all my life. If we had disobeyed Hitler we would have been shot or arrested. † (Roland 69, originally said by Jodl). I do not agree with Jodl’s argument as you are never truly forced to do anything as there is always more than one option in handling a situation.Alfred had the knowledge to understand what he was doing was cruel, but he decided to go through with these actions and follow the orders from Hitler. During the verdict, Jodl was found guilty on all four counts and was sentenced to death by hanging. As the Chief of OKW operations, he had been responsible for planning the domination of Europe which is a war crime. He had also signed orders for the execution of unarmed prisoners of war which is a crime against humanity. Overall I think this was a fair sentence because Jodl had to serve the consequences for his gruesome actions.This sentence displayed to the world that these inhumane actions during the war will not be tolerated. Another accused Nazi that used the defence that he was just following orders was Wilhelm Keitel. Wilhelm was appointed Chief of Staff to the German High Command (OKW). During his time in prison Keitel told the psychiatrist Dr. Gilbert, â€Å"How in heaven’s name can they accuse me of conspiring to wage aggressive war when I was nothing but the mouthpiece to carry out the Fuhrer’s wishes? As Chief of Staff I had no authority what so ever, no command function, I had nothing. (Roland 70, originally said by Wilhelm Keitel). From the research I have done Keitel is portrayed as a disgraced desk soldier whose only defence in the trial was that he was obeying orders. I still do not agree with Wilhelm’s argument because he had a choice not to follow through with Hitler’s wishes but instead signed orders for various ruthless killings and attacks. Keitel knew his actions were really obscene but he chose to go through with them to please Hitler. The judge’s final verdict for Wilhelm Keitel was that he is guilty on all four accounts and sentenced to death by hanging.Keitel signed orders for the attacks on the neutral countries of Belgium and the Netherlands. He also ordered the attacks on soldiers in the East that should be met by putting to death fifty to one hundred Communists for one German soldier’s death. The judges made the appropriate sentencing for Keitel as he deserved to die for his inhumane war orders. Superior orders, even to a soldier, cannot lessen the crime when the evil doings are committed deliberately and ruthlessly. These kinds of orders Keitel singed off on were just so vicious and cold blooded. He was a part of the economic exploitation of Poland, which led to the starvation and death of many people. He was responsible for the deportation of millions of Polish slave labourers and took part in the murder of at least three million Jews. The evidence shows that the judges made the correct sentencing, in my opinion, as Frank deserved to be put to death for all of his unthinkable crimes against humanity. No nation, race or person deserves to be put through this kind of cruelty and there is no justifiable reason for these actions.There were numerous unimaginable crimes committed during World War Two. Many of these unlawful acts would traumatize the survivors from the war for the remainder of their lives. Some of the top Nazi leaders such as Karl Doenitz and Albert Speer took responsibility for their evil actions they carried out during the war. Karl Doenitz was appointed the commander of the German navy during World War Two. Karl stated during the trial, â€Å"Politicians brought the Nazis to power and started the war. They are the ones who brought about hese disgusting crimes and now we have to sit there in the docks with them and share the blame. † (Roland 71, originally said by Karl Doenitz). I agree with Doenitz’s argument because in my opinion the German navy caused the least amount of serious crimes throughout the war in comparison to the politicians and army leaders of Germany. The Germany navy still needed to share part of the blame like Karl said as they still committed less severe war crimes. The verdict stated that Karl Doenitz was guilty on counts two and three and was sentenced to ten years of imprisonment. Although Doenitz built and trained the German U-boats, the evidence did not show he took part in the conspiracy to wage aggressive wars or that he prepared and initiated such wars. I think the judges made the appropriate sentencing for Karl Doenitz because he did not take part in any serious war crimes, but still has to share the blame with his fellow comrades. Another defendant that took responsibility for their actions during the war was Albert Speer. Speer was Hitler’s architect and Minister of Armaments.During the trial Albert stated, â€Å"I would like to sit down and write one final blast about the whole dam Nazi mess and mention names and details and let the German people see once and for all what rotten corruption, hypocrisy, and madness the whole system was based on. I would spare no one, including myself. † (Roland 61, originally said by Albert Speer). I am pleased to see that Speer acknowledged his wrongful decisions made during the war. It takes a lot of courage to go in front of the world and admit what you did was not right.I think he was one of the few Nazis who actually felt guilty for what he had done. The judges found Albert Speer guilty on counts three and four and he was sentenced to twenty years in prison. The evidence introduced against Speer relates entirely to his participation in the slave labour program. Speer knew when he made his demands on Sauckel that they would be supplied by foreign labourers who were obtained by forces. I think the appointed sentence was handed out to Albert because he did acknowledge and accepted foreign labourers that were forced to work, having their free will taken away. This was extremely cruel, but compared to other war crimes, this was one of the less severe crimes, and therefore it had a less severe punishment. Both Doenitz and Speer realized their horrid actions and movements they took part in during the war and admitted they were wrong. Throughout World War Two almost all Nazi’s believed that the extermination of Jews and attack on other European countries would help benefit Germany in the long run. There was nobody who supported this philosophy more than Herman Goering. Goering believed that nothing was wrong with his destructive actions during the war.He was insulted when he was put on trial and was determined to prove what he did was to help make Germany a better country. Goering was appointed Commander in Chief of the Luftwaffe (German air force) and was the minister in charge of the Four Year Plan for Germany. Goering was Hitler’s right hand man. During the trials Herman stated, â€Å"I would rather die (gladly) than say we were wrong, we are not going to betray our fatherland. I am not ashamed of being a Nazi. † When asked about the mass killings of the Jew this was Goering’s response, â€Å"The extermination of the Jews were for the greater good of the German economy. (Herman Goering cited from the movie). I do not approve of this argument because in my opinion there is no way the murders of millions of innocent people could ever benefit a nation whether it be Germany or any other country. Goering demonstrated an extreme lack of empathy and has no sense of guilt for the evil actions he has taken part in. The judges found Herman Goering guilty on all four counts and he was sentenced to death by hanging. Goering developed the Gestapo and created the first concentration camps. He commanded the Luftwaffe in the attack on Poland and throughout the aggressive wars which followed.Goering approved the use of slave labour and also enjoyed persecuting the Jews. I think Herman’s sentence was appropriate because what he did was really outrageous and pure evil. He is solely responsible for the deaths and torture both physically and mentally of countless human beings. There are just no excuses for this type of behaviour. Herman Goering will go down in history as one of the cruellest political criminals of all time. In conclusion I believe that all six of these Nazi leaders are guilty and I think the judges decided on appropriate sentences for each of the accused.All six of these men helped lead the Germans to commit some of the most brutal crimes the world has ever seen and each of them had to face the consequences of their actions. The Nuremberg Trials have made a big impact in international law to this this day. Laws have now been made on the international level to discourage the commitment of criminal acts and to punish those responsible of committing evil acts against different nations. Nuremberg has helped define what acceptable conduct is and has set limits during times of war in hope that nobody will ever have to experience the horrific tragedies of World War Two.

Top 10 Tech Tools for Grades K-5

Top 10 Tech Tools for Grades K-5 For many of us, its hard to keep up-to-date with the all of the latest tech toolsthat teachers are using in their classrooms. But, this ever-changing technology is changing the way students learn and the way that teachers teach. Here are the top 10 tech tools to try in your classroom. 1. Classroom Website A classroom website is a great way to keep connected with your students and parents. While it may take some time to set up, it also has some great benefits. It keeps you organized, it saves you time, it allows you to stay connected with parents, it helps students develop their technological skills, and thats just to name a few!   2. Digital Note-Taking Fourth and fifth graders will love the opportunity to take their notes digitally. Students can get creative and take notes that best suites their learning style. They can draw pictures, take pictures, type in whichever way works for them. They can also be easily shared and children and you will never have to hear the excuse that they lost their notes because they are always accessible. 3. Digital Portfolio Students can have access to all of their work in one place. This can be via the cloud or the schools server, whichever you prefer. This will allow you, as well as your students to access it from anywhere that they desire, school, home, a friends house, etc. Its changing the way student portfolios are, and teachers are loving them. 4. Email Email has been around for quite some time now, but it is still a tech tool that is utilized daily. Its a powerful tool that helps with communication and children as young as second grade can use it. 5.   Dropbox Dropbox is a digital way of being able to review documents (assignments) and grading them. You can access it from any device with WiFi, and students can submit there homework to you through the app. It would be a great app for a paperless classroom setting. 6. Google Apps Many classrooms have been using Google apps. This is a free application that gives you access to basic tools like drawing, spreadsheets, and word processing. It also has features where students can have a digital portfolio. 7. Journals Most elementary school classrooms have students journal. Two great digital tools are  My Journal  and  Penzu.These sites are a great alternative to the basic handwritten journals that most students use. 8. Online Quizzes Online quizzes have become quite popular among elementary school classrooms. Sites like Kahoot and Mind-n-Mettle are among the favorites, along with digital flash card programs like  Quizlet  and  Study Blue. 9. Social Media Social media is much more than just posting about what food you just ate. It has the power to connect you with other teachers, and help your students learn and connect with their peers. Websites such as ePals, Edmodo and Skype connects students with other classrooms all across the nation and world. Students get to learn different languages and understand other cultures. Teachers can use websites such as Schoology and Pinterest, where teachers can connect with fellow educators and share lesson plans and teaching materials. Social media can be a very powerful tool in education for you, as well as your students. 10. Video Conference Long gone are the days that parents say that they can not make it to a conference. Technology has made it so easy for us, that now (even if you are in another state) will have no excuse to miss a parent/teacher conference again. All parents have to do is use their Face-time on their Smartphone or get sent a link via the internet to virtually meet online. Face-to-face conferencing may soon be coming to end.

Nile Crocodile Facts (Crocodylus niloticus)

Nile Crocodile Facts (Crocodylus niloticus) The Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) is a large freshwater African reptile. It is responsible for the most deaths from any animal as a predator preying on humans, yet crocodiles serve an important ecological function. The Nile crocodile eats carcasses that pollute water and controls predatory fish that could overeat smaller fish used as food by many other species. Fast Facts: Nile Crocodile Scientific Name: Crocodylus niloticusCommon Names: Nile crocodile, African crocodile, common crocodile, black crocodileBasic Animal Group: ReptileSize: 10-20 feetWeight: 300-1650 poundsLifespan: 50-60 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Freshwater wetlands of sub-Saharan AfricaPopulation: 250,000Conservation Status: Least Concern Description The Nile crocodile is the second-largest reptile in the world after the saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus). Nile crocodiles have thick, armored skin that is dark bronze with black stripes and spots on the back, greenish-yellow side stripes, and yellow scales on the belly. Crocodiles have four short legs, long tails, and elongated jaws with conical teeth. Their eyes, ears, and nostrils are on top of the head. Males are about 30% larger than females. Average size ranges between 10 and 20 feet in length and anywhere from 300 to 1,650 pounds in weight. A Nile crocodile may carry her young in her mouth or on her back. Gallo Images-Roger De La Harpe / Getty Images Habitat and Distribution The Nile crocodile is native to Africa. It lives in freshwater marshes, swamps, lakes, streams, and rivers of sub-Saharan Africa, the Nile basin, and Madagascar. It is an invasive species in Florida, but it is unknown whether the population is reproducing. Although it is a freshwater species, the Nile crocodile has salt glands and sometimes enters brackish and marine waters. Diet and Behavior Crocodiles are apex predators that hunt animals up to twice their size. Young crocodiles eat invertebrates and fish, while larger ones may take any animal. They also feed on carcasses, other crocodiles (including members of their own species), and sometimes fruit. Like other crocodilians, they ingest stones as gastroliths, which may help digest food or act as ballast. Crocodiles are ambush predators that wait for prey to come within range, lunge at the target, and sink their teeth into it to drag it into water to drown, die from sudden thrashing movements, or be torn apart with help from other crocodiles. At night, crocodiles may leave the water and ambush prey on land. The Nile crocodile spends most of the day partially exposed in shallow water or basking on land. Crocodiles may bask with open mouths to prevent overheating or as a threat display for other crocodiles. Reproduction and Offspring Nile crocodiles reach sexual maturity between 12 and 16 years of age, when males are about 10 feet 10 inches long and females are between 7 and 10 feet long. Mature males breed every year, while females only breed once every two to three years. Males attract females by making noises, slapping their snouts in water, and blowing water out through their noses. Males may battle other males for breeding rights. Females lay eggs a month or two after breeding. Nesting can occur at any time of year, but tends to coincide with the dry season. The female digs a nest in the sand or soil several feet from the water and deposits between 25 and 80 eggs. The heat of the soil incubates the eggs and determines the sex of the offspring, with males only resulting from temperatures between 89 Â °F and 94 Â °F. The female guards the nest until the eggs hatch, which takes about 90 days. Near the end of the incubation period, the young make high-pitched chirps to alert the female to dig out the eggs. She may use her mouth to help her offspring hatch. After they have hatched, she may carry them in her mouth to water. While she guards her offspring for up to two years, they hunt their own food immediately after hatching. Despite her care, only about 10% of the eggs survive to hatching and 1% of hatchlings reach maturity. Mortality is high because the eggs and young are food for many other species. In captivity, Nile crocodiles live 50 to 60 years. They may have a potential lifespan of 70 to 100 years in the wild. A Nile crocodile has an egg tooth that it uses to help hatch from an egg. hphimagelibrary / Getty Images Conservation Status The Nile crocodile faced extinction in the 1960s. Today, the IUCN classifies the species conservation status as least concern. However, Nile crocodile numbers are decreasing. CITES lists the Nile crocodile under Appendix I (threatened with extinction) throughout most of its range. Researchers estimate 250,000 to 500,000 individuals live in the wild. Crocodiles are protected in part of their range and are raised in captivity. Threats The species faces multiple threats to its survival, including habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting for meat and leather, poaching, pollution, entanglement in fishing nets, and persecution. Invasive plant species also pose a threat, as they alter the temperature of crocodile nests and prevent eggs from hatching. Nile Crocodiles and Humans Crocodiles are farmed for their leather. In the wild, they have a reputation as man-eaters. The Nile crocodile together with the saltwater crocodile kills hundreds or sometimes thousands of people each year. Females with nests are aggressive, plus large adults hunt humans. Field biologists attribute the high number of attacks to a general lack of caution around crocodile-occupied areas. Studies indicate planned land management and public education could reduce human-crocodile conflict. Sources Crocodile Specialist Group 1996. Crocodylus niloticus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996: e.T46590A11064465. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T46590A11064465.enDunham, K. M.; Ghiurghi, A.; Cumbi, R. Urbano, F. Human–wildlife conflict in Mozambique: a national perspective, with emphasis on wildlife attacks on humans. Oryx. 44 (2): 185, 2010. doi:10.1017/S003060530999086XThorbjarnarson, J. Crocodile tears and skins: international trade, economic constraints, and limits to the sustainable use of crocodilians. Conservation Biology. 13 (3): 465–470, 1999. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.00011.xWallace, K. M. A. J. Leslie. Diet of the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Journal of Herpetology. 42 (2): 361, 2008. doi:10.1670/07-1071.1Wood, Gerald. The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats. Sterling Publishing Co Inc., 1983. ISBN 978-0-85112-235-9.

What is the link between individual learning and organisational Essay

What is the link between individual learning and organisational learning - Essay Example This primarily requires the commitment and dedication of the top management because top management primarily assumes the decision making power. The process of organisational learning includes introduction and implementation of change. Change introduction and implementation is one of the biggest challenges in front of a manager because the change causes redesigning of the organisational policies which is against the rights of several stakeholders, most of which are within the organisational workforce. Likewise, individual learning is directed at reflecting upon personal experiences in order to identify the mistakes as well as strategies that may be adopted in the future in order to avoid them. As individual learning involves correcting personal behavior for the better, it is the main component of self development. Change is the basic element of both organisation learning and individual learning. The agency undergoing the change makes one different from the other, though both influence and are influenced by each other. The relationship between individual learning and the organisation learning is very strong and yet very weak. The two may not always be paired up with each other. It may be possible for an organisation to take informed decisions with the majority of its personnel being unlearned and vice versa. This paper discusses the relationship between organisation learning and individual learning. Individual learning, as the name indicates, reflects the level or degree to which individuals of an organisation are learned. Individual’s learning is of great significance to the organisation because organisation achieves its objectives with the efforts of individuals that make part of it. Although individuals’ learning is an important element of organisational success as a whole, yet it is not the sole determinant of the success as the decisions and actions resulting from individuals’ learning need the support and approval of certain agencies and authorities which are beyond the control of the individuals. In an organisational setup, people are organized in a hierarchical structure which is generally known as the organisation structure. Different individuals are assigned different roles and responsibilities within the organisation structure and everybody is held accountable for his part of the game. Accordingly, there is a distribution of decision making power among the organisational personnel. In a conventional setup, subordinates usually are not involved in the decision making and the top management assumes complete decision making power, though it is one of the characteristic features of learned organisations that they do involve and gain the consent of subordinates in the decision making while resting the ultimate power with the top management. In the conventional setup, a subordinate may be very learned, experienced and technically strong, but these qualities of the subordinate are of little importance because their display is restricted by the minimal role of the subordinate in the achievement of the organisational objectives. The individuals do not assume enough rights to exercise and thus have to surrender in front of the organisational culture. Learned organisations are characterized by the involvement of complete organisation structure in the decision making process. Although subordinates are not competent enough to understand the complexities and requirements of

Midterm 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Midterm 1 - Essay Example y to make friends who can lead you through your investigation if an anthropologist identified himself as a freshman as opposed to declaring his mission in his introduction.th factor of age difference between the student at the university and the anthropologist means that there will be communication barrier. The fact that the anthropologist is in a fact finding mission, requires that he employees a disguised identity all along if the mission is to bare any results. An authoritative voice is a voice that speaks more of an insight that is full of self-believe, and disregard for advice from other. Perhaps, a person with an authoritative voice will always define the destiny of a team regardless of the position of the team in the same. Naturally, people are not impressed with being directed to do something especially if they know that it is not right as far as their understanding of the same is concerned. For instance, if a woman fears of her capacity to give birth in the natural way, they will insist on undergoing a caesarian delivery method. The other way it relates to the eight logics is in the commitment students show towards their education, some students may not heed the call to read a chapter before entering a discussion and still insist that they know what they are doing. The ideology that authoritative voices conflict is true in the sense that, anyone who speaks with authority, will want to be the final decision maker and in that regard, consensus is never arrived at under that leadership. Virginity for instance, in some cultures like the Islam, it is highly regarded, and everybody is expected to be a virgin before he/she gets married. While male counterparts from the same religion are not restricted by culture, the same prize seems to be an infringement on the side of the female. Decision on the same is a responsibility of the men in that society which sparks a conflict of interest as to why would someone who is not a virgin be a custodian of the same. While

Native American Paper Essay Example for Free

Native American Paper Essay In the pre-Columbian era when the Europeans had not yet discovered the â€Å"New World† there lived many distinct but also similar tribes that ruled all across. Many tribes existed during this era of prosperity for the Native Americans. A few of the main tribes of it are the Cherokee, Iroquois, Navajo, and Sioux who were all special in their own way. Firstly, the Cherokee were made up of seven clans with which each had a different purpose and job. The names and jobs of all the tribes in English are Long Hair which sends the Peace Chief, Blue who is the oldest; Wolf to protect clans, Wild Potato is the keeper of the land (gatherers), Deer is the fastest runners and hunters, Bird sends messengers, and lastly Paint are the medicine people. The belief system for the Cherokee was that good is rewarded and evil is punished. One main object they used was river cane making and using it for multiple purposes. The Trail of Tears was an important part of the Cherokee past since they used it to move to a different territory. (Information for the Cherokee Paragraph: Secondly, the Iroquois were consisted up of a small amount of tribes such as Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca, and Tuscarora. The main Iroquois considered themselves to be a superior people which lowered their numbers as time went by. One more reason the numbers went down was because they joined the British during the Revolutionary War. The belief of the Iroquois was that they should not kill each other and a sense of internal unity. The way the Iroquois survived was through a political system. (Information for the Iroquois Paragraph:? http://www. tolatsga. org/iro. html).

Saboteur :: essays research papers

Analysts are still studying whether the two strips of cloth called gap filler that are poking out from the bottom of the orbiter could cause uneven heating during re-entry that may constitute a threat to the craft and crew, the mission's lead flight director, Paul Hill, said in a press briefing this morning. If the analysts decide that the gap fillers do pose a threat, he said, the mission manager may call for a risky spacewalk and repair maneuver in which astronauts try to pull the tough material the rest of the way out, push it in or cut it off. Mr. Hill said a spacewalk repair was not likely but that his engineers and analysts were looking closely at the issue and that he could not rule one out. Gap fillers, as their name implies, fill the gaps that NASA leaves between some shuttle tiles to allow for expansion and contraction of the shuttle's body from the extremes of heat and cold that it is exposed to. The fillers themselves are heat resistant, and are made of alumina-borosilicate fiber. Having gap filler poke its way out up from between tiles is not uncommon, but it could be a concern because it causes an uneven surface and can lead to unusual patterns of heating during re-entry. If a filler pokes out too much, especially if it is far forward on the shuttle so that its downstream heating affects a larger part of the shuttle's belly, it could be a problem, Mr. Hill said. NASA, through a long examination of all previous landings with protruding bits of gap filler, had found a comfort level with protrusions in the same areas that stick out a quarter of an inch, he said. But the two pieces on this flight are one inch and six-tenths of an inch, he said. This shuttle and the space station have been outfitted with more cameras and sensors than ever before, and so they might be detecting something that has happened many times in the past; it is possible that the feltlike material burns down during re-entry, and that longer protrusions have occurred in the past. But one quarter inch is within "our conventional wisdom," Mr. Hill said, and so the little strips of cloth have become an intense focus of aerodynamic analysis, he said. Aerodynamics experts have been studying the size and the position of the two gap filler protrusions, Mr.

Diarrhea

Diarrhea is abnormally frequent and watery bowel movements. It is one of the most common bodily disturbances. Diarrhea may be a mild symptom of some more serious condition, such as tumor of the bowel (intestine), or may be the chief symptom of an infection in the bowel caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. In addition, diarrhea may be caused by improperly prepared or spoiled foods, by contaminated water, by certain chemicals, by irritation or inflammation of the lining of the intestines, or be generalized diseases that do no involve the bowel primarily (Stone, et al.112-113).Diarrhea varies from a slight inconvenience lasting a day or two to a grave illness. The most severe form of diarrhea is found in persons suffering from cholera. Consequences of diarrhea are loss of electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium; dehydration; and, in severe cases, heart failure. Diarrhea is a leading cause of death in infants. Treatment of diarrhea is directed towards eliminating the cause, when the cause is known. Drugs such as paregoric may be used to decrease the irritability of the bowel.The patient may be given extra fluid, injected directly into his veins (Wolfe 34-36), to make up for fluids lost through the bowel. Furthermore, diseases of the digestive system are essentially of two types, infections and intoxications. An infection occurs when a pathogen enters the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and multiplies. Microorganisms can penetrate into the intestinal mucosa and grow there or can pass through to other systematic organs.Infections are characterized by a delay in the appearance of gastrointestinal disturbance while the pathogen increases in numbers or effects invaded tissue (Wolfe 34-36). There is also usually a fever, one of the body’s general responses to an infective organism. Some pathogens cause disease by elaborating toxins that affect the GI tract. Intoxication is caused by ingestions o such a performed toxin. Most intoxications, such as that caused by Staphylococcus aureus, are characterized by a very sudden appearance (usually in only a few hours) of symptoms of a GI disturbance.Fever is less often one of the symptoms (Stone, et al. 112-113). Both infections and intoxications often cause diarrhea, which most of us have experienced. Severe diarrhea, accompanied by blood or mucus, is called dysentery. Both types of digestive system diseases are also frequently accompanied by abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting (see http://digestive-disorders. health-cares. net/diarrhea. php). The general term gastroenteritis is applied to diseases causing inflammation of the stomach and intestinal mucosa (Stone, et al.112-113).Botulism is a special case of intoxication because the ingestion of the performed toxin affects the nervous system rather than the GI tract. In the developing countries, diarrhea is a major factor in infant mortality. Approximately one in every ten children dies of it before the age of five. It also affects the absorpt ion of nutrients from their food and adversely affects the growth of the survivors. The cause of diarrhea may be any of several organisms.Most are not identified, but surveys in such countries as Bangladesh indicate that the three most common causes are enterotoxigenic E. coli, Shigella spp. , and intestinal rotaviruses. It is estimated that mortality from childhood diarrhea could be halved by oral rehydration therapy (Stone, et al. 112-113). Ideally, this is a solution of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate. However, even a solution of a handful of table sugar and a pinch of salt in a liter of water has proved to be a very useful treatment for diarrheal diseases. Reference: What is diarrhea? Health-cares.net your fitness guides. http://digestive-disorders.health-cares.net/diarrhea.php Stone, J., et al. (1999).Clinical gerontological nursing, pp. 112-113 (3rd edition) Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. Wolfe, M (Ed.) 2000. Therapy of digestive disorders. Pp. 34-36. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.

Death of a Salesman Tragic Hero

Willy as Tragic Hero in Death Of A Salesman Willy Loman is indeed a pathetic and tragic hero of Death of a Salesman. His problems stem from his own delusions, the American Dream turning sour, and misunderstanding his job and family. All of this tells the story of everyday people in American society. His environment is changing faster than his beliefs which is why he is in the dilemma that he is in now. His own delusions are a result of his failure to succeed in life. He still believes he is popular, respected and good looking. But at age 63, he is none of these. Nobody liked him that much since very few people came to his funeral.His delusion was that there would be people across the country coming to the funeral. However, in those moments that he begins to realize the truth, his wife Linda while understanding his situation, supports his delusion. She say to him that â€Å"you're the best looking man in the world†. But the truth is that being popular and good looking is not ho w you would succeed in the world now. It would be through hard work and perseverance. The American Dream has long turned sour for him. At the beginning of his life, he remembers traveling in a wagon going westward. His parents conquered the new frontier and succeeded.His brother Ben went â€Å"into the jungle at 17 and came out rich at age 21†. For a while, the American Dream was alive in Willy too. He helped stake out new territory by selling his goods, his son Biff was going to go to university with a scholarship and he had a home with no apartments closing on him. But now, he was forced to work on commission at an old age and was fired later by his godson. His favored son Biff had wandered about the country doing odd jobs for many years, his friend's son Charlie was successful and his home was now surrounded by apartment buildings which blocked out the sunlight.He was not a success in selling , he failed to raise his sons and his beliefs were just delusions. Only through h ard work and perseverance would he achieve his goal of success but he decided to go along the lazy route and failed. Willy Loman misunderstood his family and job with profound reprucssions. He totally misunderstood his occupation by trying to sell himself than the products. He could not hope to succeed because there was virtually nothing to advance on him. People could buy into him because there was nothing to sell in the first place. Because of t his, he eventually lost his job.His family was something he equally misunderstood. His wife and two children did not let him know that they knew the truth about him. They would tell him t hat his beliefs were wrong and that they knew he was trying to kill himself. They did n ot always support him. As Biff was leaving the restaurant, he told Happy to take care of his father. Happy rejected him and he told the 2 girls he had picked up that Willy was not his father but was â€Å"just a guy†. Willy left the restaurant very humiliated. H is son Biff no longer had the same ideals as Willy or respected him much after his affair with Miss Francis.He had instilled the idea along with Linda that they had the ability to save him but they didn't. He later dies to escape the repercussions of the problems he has caused himself. The pathetic and tragic hero of Death of Salesman is Willy Loman. He had a bright future but later got lost along the way. This is the story of the â€Å"Low Man†. Many believe in ideals like Willy's, many have had the American Dream fail and many did not see that their family lost their way because of them. It is a tragedy that a man with so much potential lost everything by believing in the wrong things and never realizes his situation.

buy custom The Media essay

buy custom The Media essay Through the advertisements by different kinds of media, people are bombarded. From the huge layouts in the newspapers and magazines to thirty second spots on television to sexy echoing advertisements on billboards up and down the main roads to radio, people ca not help but see the marketing and absorb them into their minds. The advertisements rarely contribute a part in shaping peoples interests and dislikes. People tend to create opinions that are normally based orally from other people or from the advertisements they see daily even if they have not attempted to use the products. Mayer (74) suggests that people obviously buy perfumes that they come to find out through the media advertisements because they liked the scent. The mass media in all categories direct unsuspicious consumers through networks of inforation and anticipations. The mass media controls what consumers view, how they see it and when to see it. Sellers spend huge cash on market research and aware of who to aim at with definite advertisements. They also establish when their target spectators or viewers are mostly likely watching television as well as the certain shows by the use of demographics. When it comes to perfume advertisement and market, the famous persons are a big draw. This is because at times the celebrity or the public figure of a celebrity represents what the perfume manufacturers want to describe to the public or the society (Paul 30). In that case if the perfume is produced with teenagers in mind and a smell is a light flowery, the celebrity presenter is likely to be someone that the teenage demographic will recount to. This may include a famous actress in youngster movies, ann athlete or even a singer that many people look up to or recognize. The liking and disliking of the perfume by someone hugely relies on the olfactory senses clearly. Memory however largely determines the scents or smell. Individuals memories play an influential fraction when it comes to selecting a new perfume may be it is because roses bring back a cheerful day in grandmothers garden or a clean linen aroma takes you back to a calm time in a country cottage (Roy 84). However, when the media (magazine) participates in the perfume or fragrance advertising and marketing, they will have played their role if their advertisements got people as far as the branches of stores or anywhere that their perfumes are sold (Diane 222). Once consumers reach the stores the control is in their hands. Buy custom The Media essay

Funny Quotes to Celebrate the New Year

Funny Quotes to Celebrate the New Year Every New Year brings a chance to mark the passage of time, reflect on the past, and embrace the future. Some of us celebrate the occasion by partying into the wee hours of the morning; others struggle to stay awake to watch the clock hands move past twelve. We make resolutions, only to break them; we promise to do better, try harder, be better, but oftentimes fall short as life gets in the way. The humorous quotes below, though, will help you start the New Year smiling. Mark Twain New Years is a harmless annual institution, of no particular use to anybody save as a scapegoat for promiscuous drunks, and friendly calls and humbug resolutions. New Years Day now is the accepted time to make your regular annual good resolutions. Next week you can begin paving hell with them as usual. Brooks Atkinson Drop the last year into the silent limbo of the past. Let it go, for it was imperfect, and thank God that it can go. Bill Vaughan Youth is when youre allowed to stay up late on New Years Eve. Middle age is when youre forced to. An optimist stays up until midnight to see the New Year in. A pessimist stays up to make sure the old year leaves. P. J. ORourke The proper behavior all through the holiday season is to be drunk. This drunkenness culminates on New Years Eve, when you get so drunk you kiss the person youre married to. Jay Leno Now there are more overweight people in America than average-weight people. So overweight people are now average†¦which means, you have met your New Years resolution. James Agate New Years Resolution: To tolerate fools more gladly, provided this does not encourage them to take up more of my time. Eric Zorn Making resolutions is a cleansing ritual of self-assessment and repentance that demands personal honesty and, ultimately, reinforces humility. Breaking them is part of the cycle. Charles Lamb New Years Day is every mans birthday. Judith Christ Happiness is too many things these days for anyone to wish it on anyone lightly. So lets just wish each other a bile-less New Year and leave it at that. Anonymous Many people look forward to the New Year for a new start on old habits. A New Years resolution is something that goes in one year and out the other. Last year’s resolution was to lose 20 pounds by Christmas. Only 30 pounds to go. Remember when we were young and wanted to stay up for New Year’s? Now we are old and all we want to do is sleep. May the New Year bring you significantly more joy than the holidays did. Joey Adams May all your troubles last as long as your New Years resolutions! Oscar Wilde Good resolutions are simply checks that men draw on a bank where they have no account. Robert Paul Im a little bit older, a little bit wiser, a little bit rounder, but still none the wiser. Robert Clark I would say Happy New Year but it’s not happy; it’s exactly the same as last year except colder.

2nd Amendment (Right to Bear Arms) Research Paper

2nd Amendment (Right to Bear Arms) - Research Paper Example The Court ruling also says that an individual can use firearms for ‘traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home’ (FindLaw, n.d.). The Amendment II as passed by the Congress states that â€Å"a well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed† (cited in Young, 2007, p.222). The Second Amendment came into effect in the second half of the 20th century. As described in a web document (‘Constitutional Topic: The Second Amendment’, n.d.), gun control advocates perceived the Amendment in another way referring to the mounting level of violence in the society and the role played by firearms in those issues; and in contrast to this view, firearm enthusiasts claimed that the opponents’ arguments are against people’s freedom and hence they interpreted the 2nd Amendment just as fiercely. Evidently, some phrases in the Second Amendment paved the way for a series of debates. The English Bill of Rights 1689 has greatly influenced the 2nd Amendment to the US Constitution. The right to have arms has been considered as one of the fundamental natural right throughout the English history. In District Columbia v. Heller (2008), the Supreme Court makes reference to the English rights concerning the possession of arms by individuals. The growing threat of terrorism in Western countries, particularly in the United States, justifies the Second Amendment. Since US is considered to be prone to terror attacks since the 9/11, this Amendment would raise the level of security of US people. Referring to the increasing rates of crimes in the country including robbery, kidnapping, and sexual assaults, this Amendment would help people to be more self-defensive. However, some law professionals do not support Amendment II arguing that this would worsen the gun crimes in the country. As stated in some documents (‘The Second Amendment to the United

Maximum height of a projectile motion Lab Report

Maximum height of a projectile motion - Lab Report Example Since the gravitational pull acts downwards (vertical sense) then the horizontal and vertical components can be treated separately. Thus, the maximum height traveled by the body upwards can be calculated (Warren 73). For instance, a cannon shoots a ten kilograms cannon balls straight upwards, with a muzzle velocity of say 860 m/s, and then ignoring air resistance the maximum height attained by the cannon balls can be found. Taking the initial velocity in the vertical direction of the cannon ball to be vi and bearing in mind that the acceleration due to gravity is acting in the opposite direction (downwards). At the point when the cannonball attains the maximum height, it has zero velocity thus vf = 0. At this point, the ball starts to accelerate downwards. The equation below is used to calculate the cannon’s highest point that it reaches before it starts falling downwards (Warren 72). Thus, the ball will go up to thirty-eight kilometers or approximately twenty-four miles (Serway, Jewett and Peroomian 20). Theoretically, the ball should come back and attain the velocity same as the launching velocity as it falls at the same point of launching, that is 860 m/s. At each angle of elevation, the initial velocities were noted (McGinnis 73). The same procedure was repeated for the ball with a mass of 5.50 grams. The results were tabulated in a table as shown below: The result of the heights corresponding to every velocity was obtained, and curves were drawn for every mass. The results were as shown below. The table shows the results obtained for the ball of mass 9.5 g. The data obtained for the two balls was tabulated, and the maximum height reached by the ball at each launch relative to the angle of elevation was found (Breithaupt 26). The maximum height was determined using the formulae in the equation (7). H max = †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (7). Each ball was launched at its time, and the muzzle velocities were maintained

Jesus as an Imperialist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Jesus as an Imperialist - Essay Example While considering the principles of Christianity for which he lived, an imperialistic approach has been adorned by him since his birth. He was looked for as king to be born in the dynasty of David who would free the Jews from the imperialism of the foreign governance and would establish the reign of God. The Jews believed that the promised man would appear on a Maundy Thursday and would take over as their king. However the consideration of Jesus as the king of Kings, involves a varied concept on imperialism. It never goes along with the conventional approaches of the worldly governing systems, but had a holy view adorning the power of Jesus as a king and the manifest destiny allied with his life and times. Zechariah 9: 9 says, â€Å"Rejoice greatly, daughter of Zion! Shout, daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king comes to you! He is righteous, and having salvation; lowly, and riding on a donkey, even on a colt, the foal of a donkey.†

Digital X-Ray Market Essay Example for Free

Digital X-Ray Market Essay

Western Influence on Japan Essay -- Geography

Western Influence on Japan Japan, as a nation, is a continually changing society. Ever since western nations became involved with Japan, its changes over recent times have increased at a substantial rate. Japan now faces cultural, economical and social differences as a result of the western involvement. The involvement was initiated by the Japanese themselves, beginning during the Meiji Period1 through current times. As time increases, Japan is slowly becoming more 'westernized' because of western involvement. Western involvement is greatly affecting Japan. Western involvement began in Japan during the late 1800's. The Meiji dynasty helped to carry it through, seeing the importance of western ideas. "Learn all you can from the Europeans and Americans"2 was what Emperor Meiji was saying to the Japanese in 1867. During this period, Japan agreed to change it's hereditary authority and class barriers between its people.3 Japan also opened their ports during this period4 and sold fuel to other countries such as the Us.5 The Japanese language took a major turn, too, with the addition of borrowed words from all over the world.6 Japan borrowed the American education system of elementary, middle school and universities during this time.7 A new western style army and universal military conscription program were soon set up by General Yamagata Autamo as well.8 The Meiji period was an important part of Japan's changing western ways. After World War II, Japan changed forever. With the Atomic bomb physically destroying their cities, and their defeat destroying their imperialistic mentalities, Japan was deeply wounded. Japan lost the respect of the world during the war and few people felt sorry f... ...R. Japan. p.113. 22 Davidson, Judith. Japan - Where East Meets West, p.107. 23 Pitts, Forrest R. Japan. p.46. 24 Davidson, Judith. Japan - Where East Meets West, p.101. 25 p.94. 26 Miller, Richard J. and Katoh, Lynn. Japan, p.57-58. 27 Greene, Carol. Enchantment of the World, Japan, p.97. 28 Pitts, Forrest R. Japan. p.78. 29 Davidson, Judith. Japan - Where East Meets West, p.48. Works Cited: Davidson, Judith. Japan - Where East Meets West. Minnesota: Dillon Press Inc., 1983. Greene, Carol. Enchantment of the World, Japan. Chicago: Regensteiner Publishing Enterprises Inc., 1983. Miller, Richard J. and Katoh, Lynn. Japan. New York: Franklyn Watts Inc., 1969. Pitts, Forrest R. Japan. Canada: Fideler Company., 1974. Reischauer, Edwin O. The United States and Japan. Massachusettes: Harvard University Press, 1965.

Analysis of Hypocrisy in Adventures Essay

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, takes place in a time in age where the deficits of society are so intricately interwoven and ignored upon the individuals that make up that society. This results in hypocrisy that constantly plays a crucial part in how Mark Twain depicts the society that participates in such irrational activity. Characters, that Huck and Jim meet as they head for their freedom, which for Jim is slavery, and for Huck is the enslavement through civilization which is â€Å"practiced† by such a hypocrite society. Both are searching for freedom that is well defined in their own parameters; but are kept under constant hypocrisy in the pursuit to achieve their freedom. However, hypocrisy by a â€Å"civilized† society is as dominant in today’s society as it was in the time that Huck and Jim encountered it. Even though today’s, hypocrisies take a new shape and form and are interwoven with daily activities. They are given as much attention as any â€Å"civilized† society would. Although the hypocrisies that are evident in Huckleberry Finn might be in the form of the judge allowing Huck’s father, to keep him in custody, well knowing that he a drunkard would kill Huck to get his money. To the ignorance, of towns people and the nieces who were scammed by the duke and king. Everyone had taken so much self-esteem into the fact that the nieces had accepted the duke and king as their uncles that no one gave a second thought, even when it was publicly announced by Dr.  Robinson; as every â€Å"civilized† person who knew right from wrong sprang upon the doctor, trying to subdue him. As the greatest hypocrisy that took place in the book, was due to the time period itself; a time of white supremacy and racial prejudice, that took place everywhere, a time of slavery. These individuals who Huck ran away from to avoid being civilized, were themselves uncivilized due to the way they treated slaves who are non-other than human beings as well. Implying the fact that it is impossible for a society who owns and treats slaves as uncivilized people themselves can never be just. While, we see this constantly throughout our society today, as people call others fat, anorexic, sub-standard, not cool, not cute, irrational, and stupid; while they themselves have a bottomless pit of ignorance, leading to their own oblivion. Today’s society is actually worse than before in the sense that we are not only fed these things as a child; but we have to incorporate it into daily life through the influence of others, such as parents, media, and peers. Making our very existence, self-evident of such a paradox that can only derive from hypocrisy of a so called â€Å"civilized† society. As the time Mark Twain had written this novel, many social flaws existed within the fabrics of the community as a whole. The book played a major role within the cultural context of the era due to the fact that Jim, who was a slave and Huck a freeman were able to bond and have such an amazing journey together. Within this journey, Twain had interwoven several moments, that on the surface seemed like a norm at the time, but exploited several social flaws that would have otherwise been dismissed by ignorance. Resulting in a successful message from the author, hopefully allowing one to see at that time in age what horrid activities they take place in on a day to day basis, when viewed upon by another person’s spectacle.

Is it ethical to mask your true emotions in order to get along with others? Essay

Honesty is the best policy. Or is it not? As children, we were taught that honesty is telling the truth straightforward. We were told that it is being sincere, genuine, trustworthy, loyal, and fair. We were taught to tell the truth at all times, despite consequences. Our parents taught us to do our own homework, keep a friend’s secret, return stuff we found, and keep our promises. But as we grew older, the line between the truth and falsehood started to blur. We began to tell and accept half-truths. We began to resort to telling white lies to get out of potentially disastrous situations. We are confronted everyday by basic issues of honesty. If a man is forbidden by his wife to smoke, should he confess that he took a few sticks from his buddy’s pack when they were at the bar earlier that night? Is it really imperative that he do so when he only smoked two, maybe three, cigarettes? Does he have to be completely honest with his wife or can he get away with something that insignificant? If you are anti-Bush and attending a formal dinner where every single person at your table is pro-Bush, should you be completely honest and let everyone know your sentiment, at the risk of alienating yourself? Or should you save your Bush-bashing for another time and another place? Should you just go along with the conversation and act indifferent towards the topic? As Saki (1929) said, â€Å"A little inaccuracy sometimes saves tons of explanation†. But is this ethical? Or must honesty always reign supreme? Some people, institutions, and dogmas bolster the virtue of being completely, straightforwardly honest. But is it not also true that sometimes people who are brutally honest find more satisfaction from being brutal than from being honest? The philosopher Immanuel Kant claimed that the telling of a truth is the â€Å"perfect duty†. He said that it cannot be superseded by other values – not even the concern for the life of a friend or the loyalty to someone we love. He insisted that the act of lying is always incorrect morally. However, many scholars have found Kant’s philosophy to be too extreme and self-serving. In the book â€Å"On Moral Grounds†, moral philosophers Daniel Maguire and A. Nicholas Fargnoli (1991) state, â€Å"Very simply, Kant would not be the man you would want to stand between you and someone intent on murdering you – at least if Kant knew where you were. † Furthermore, Maguire and Fargnoli (1991) refer to Kant’s stand on lying to explore the restrictions of universal moral principles. They write, â€Å"Universalization is an unrealistic and inaccurate abstraction that passes over the fact that there are exceptions to valid moral principles. † Also, â€Å"To protect other values, like the life of an intended victim or a legitimate secret, exceptions to truth-telling must be made. † In her book â€Å"Lying†, philosopher Sissela Bok (1978) says, â€Å"The failure to look at an entire practice rather than at their own isolated case often blinds liars to cumulative harm and expanding deceptive activities. Those who begin with white lies can come to resort to more frequent and more serious ones†¦ The aggregate harm from a large number of marginally harmful instances may, therefore, be highly undesirable in the end – for liars, those deceived, and honesty and trust more generally. † For the author, there is danger in all acts of lying because there is a possibility that the telling of even the smallest of lies may affect common discourse. She emphasizes that lies have a tendency to â€Å"spread†. Lies, even the most seemingly insignificant ones, can grow and affect other aspects of our lives. Nowadays, most people are utilitarians when it comes to the topic of honesty. White lies are okay because they probably don’t hurt anyone; but we avoid outright lies that have the possibility of offending or harming others. However, the utilitarian attitude to truthfulness has to have its limitations. As author Austin O’Malley said, â€Å"Those who think it is permissible to tell white lies soon grow color-blind†. Telling a white lie -like reassuring a sick person that he looks much better when, in fact, he doesn’t- is alright; but if it becomes a habit, there could be dire consequences. A person may lose credibility and respect from his partner, family or friends. Masking one’s true emotions to keep the peace in a certain situation or in order to get along with others can be ethical, but there are limits to how far you can go with faking how you really feel. There is a very fine line between truth and fiction, between lies and white lies. Even the Bible makes this distinction. The commandment does not say, â€Å"Thou shalt not lie†; instead, it says, â€Å"Thou shalt not bear false witness. † This means that lies that do not cause harm –for example, telling the hostess that a meal she made is really good when it was, in fact, absolutely horrible- is acceptable. In this instance, the lie is told to make the person feel better about herself and to show appreciation for her efforts. Here, the lie was actually made in attempt to do something good. However, a lie that could have grave consequences –such as when a person who has caused damages to his neighbor’s property does not admit that he did so to avoid having to pay for the cost of repairs- is a sin. To mask one’s true feelings in order to get along with others is fine as long as a person keeps to the boundaries and the motivation behind the lie or the masking of the truth is valid. Another consideration would be the frequency with which the person disguises his true opinions or feelings. If done too often, the person could risk losing his sense of self and authenticity. In â€Å"The Critic as Artist†, Oscar Wilde (1905) says that â€Å"a little bit of sincerity is a dangerous thing, and a great deal of it is absolutely fatal†. For people in relationships, he may have a point. Honesty may not be the best policy when we are hiding aspects of ourselves from the other person, when we do not want to be revealed, to be known completely. Honesty may not be the best policy when we do not want to get into trouble or when we are avoiding conflict. Honesty may not be the best policy when we are trying to spare the other’s feelings, when we do not want the other to feel hurt or disappointed. In a relationship, people may tell lies because they believe that it is the kind thing to do. Robert Brault once said that, â€Å"Today I bent the truth to be kind, and I have no regret, for am I am far surer of what is kind than I am of what is true. † Noble lies, which are intended for another’s benefit, are usually made under these kinds of circumstances. But while the motivation behind this type of lie may seem valid, there are still those who believe that the concept is flawed. Critics of utilitarianism say that â€Å"people often poorly estimate the consequences of their actions or specifically undervalue or ignore the harmful consequences to society (e. g. , mistrust) that their lies cause† (Mazur, 1993). Also, the concept of lying for the sake of a â€Å"greater good† may cause a further blurring of the line between moral justifications supporting the greater good and empty excuses.

Parents Guide to the Pros and Cons of Homeschooling

Parents Guide to the Pros and Cons of Homeschooling According to statisticbrain.com, more than 1.5 million children in the United States are homeschooled. Homeschooling is a highly debated school choice topic. Parents choose to homeschool their children for a myriad of reasons. Some of these reasons are based on religious beliefs, others are for medical reasons, and some just want complete control of their child’s education. It is important for parents to make an informed decision regarding homeschooling. Even advocates of homeschooling will tell you that it is not the right placement for every family and child. The pros and cons of homeschooling should be carefully weighed before making that decision. Parents must examine the entire process of homeschooling instead of focusing on the idea of homeschooling. Pros of Homeschooling Flexibility of Time Homeschooling allows children to learn on their own time. Parents control how much time each day and how often their children complete their lessons. They are not boxed into the typically 8:00-3:00, Monday-Friday time in which traditional schools operate. Parents can customize their child’s schooling around their own schedules, their child’s ideal learning time, and can take school with them anywhere. In essence, a homeschool student never misses classes because lessons can be completed at virtually any time. Lessons can be always be doubled up on a particular day if something arises that interferes with the regular schedule. Educational Control Homeschooling allows parents to have complete control over their child’s education. They control the content that is taught, the way that it is presented, and the pace at which it is taught. They may provide their child with a more narrowed focus on certain topics such as math or science. They may provide their child with a more broad focus and include subjects such as art, music, politics, religion, philosophy, etc. Parents may choose the omit subject matter that does not align with personal or religious beliefs. Educational control allows parents to make every decision when it comes to their child’s education. Closer Family Relationships Homeschooling allows families to spend more time with each other. This often results in an increased bond between parents and children and amongst siblings. They essentially rely on each other for everything. Learning and play time are shared amongst all members of the family. In families with multiple children, the older sibling(s) can help teach the younger sibling(s). Education and learning often become the focal point of a family who is homeschooling. When one child is academically successful, the entire family celebrates that success because each of them contributed to that success in some way. Exposed to Less A big benefit to homeschooling is that children are able to be sheltered from immoral or corruptible behaviors that occur in schools across the country. Inappropriate language, bullying, drugs, violence, sex, alcohol, and peer pressure are all issues that children in schools are exposed to on a daily basis. There is no denying that these things have a profound negative effect on young people. Children who are homeschooled may still be exposed to things through other avenues such as television, but parents can more readily choose when and how their children learn about these things. One on One Instruction Homeschooling allows parents to provide one on one individualized instruction to their child. There is no denying that this is advantageous for any child. Parents can better identify individual strengths and weaknesses and tailor lessons to meet their child’s specific needs. One on one instruction also minimizes distractions helping the child remained focused on the content being taught. It allows students to learn at a faster rate with more rigorous content. Cons of Homeschooling Time Consuming Homeschooling takes quite a bit of time for the parent responsible for providing the education. This time increases with each additional child. Parents must take the time to plan and research the content that they need to teach their children. Teaching the lessons, grading papers, and keeping track of each child’s progress also takes a considerable amount of time. Parents who homeschool have to give their children their undivided attention during learning time which limits what they are able to do around their house. Cost Money Homeschooling is expensive. It takes a lot of money to purchase the necessary curriculum and the homeschool supplies you need  to educate any child adequately. Integrating any form of technology into homeschooling including computers, iPads, educational software, etc. increases the cost significantly. In addition, one of the allures of homeschooling is the ability to regularly taking your children on educational outings or field trips whose costs add up quickly. Underlying operational costs for meals and transportation must also be taken into consideration. The lack of proper funding can significantly inhibit the education you provide to your child. No Break No matter how much love your children, it is always enjoyable to have some time alone. In homeschooling, you are both their teacher and their parent which limits the time you can spend away from them. You see each other and deal with each other all the time which can lead to an occasional conflict. It is essential that conflicts are quickly resolved, or it can have a profound effect on the schooling itself. The dual roles of parent and teacher can lead to stress. This makes it even more important for parents to have an outlet for stress relief. Limited Peer Interactions Homeschooling limits the amount of social interaction that children can have with other children their own age. Interacting with peers is a fundamental aspect of child development. While there are other avenues to ensure that the homeschooled child receives this beneficial interaction, the diverse interactions available at a regular school are difficult to simulate. Limiting a child’s interactions to parents and siblings can lead to social awkwardness later on in life. Lack of Expert Instruction There are parents who have a background and training in education who choose to homeschool. However, the majority of parents who homeschool do not have any training in this area. It is not realistic for any parent regardless of their education to be an expert on everything their child needs from kindergarten through twelfth grade. This is an issue that can be overcome, but being an effective teacher is difficult. It will take a lot of time and hard work to provide your child with a quality education. Parents who are not properly trained can harm their child academically if they do not spend the time to ensure that they are doing things the correct way.

Cloning essay Essay Example

Cloning essay Essay Example Cloning essay Paper Cloning essay Paper Essay Topic: Rebuttal Cloning The employment of cloning and human embryonic stem cells is of the most significant innovations in medicine (Wobus and Boheler, 2005).   The discovery of the ability to manipulate embryonic stem cells has created the fields of regenerative medicine and cellular therapy, which aim to treat debilitating and/or fatal conditions that were earlier acknowledged to be incurable (Taupin, 1996).   Unfortunately, this breakthrough has brought forth issues regarding the value of life.   Technically, cloning of embryonic stem cells involve collection of embryos that are ethically regarded at the earliest stages of human life (Brown, 2006).   Ethical arguments have arisen, questioning whether it is right to improve life by destroying another human life in the form of an embryo.   This paper will enumerate ethical arguments that renounce the use of the cloning technology and the use of spare embryos for biomedical research and therapeutics. Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of 5 to 7-day old human embryos or blastocysts right before its implantation along the walls of the uterus (Bongso et al., 1994).   These stem cells are cultured in vitro over mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder cells supplied with growth serum.   Embryonic stem cells have the ability to infinitely self-renew and sustain their capacity to differentiate into any form of mature cell.   Depending on the kind of trigger stimuli introduced, these cultured cells may be controlled to differentiate into the cell type needed for research, experimentation and therapeutics. Stem cells are collected from four different (4) sources- from surplus embryos or by-products of in vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratories, from â€Å"spare† embryos obtained from embryo donors at IVF clinics, from embryos created by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) or the removal of the nucleus from a body cell and reinsertion into an egg cell, and lastly, from aborted or terminated fetuses.   No matter which route is used to collect stem cells, the use of embryos for stem cell research has been the center of ethical debate since its conception.   The principle of ethics involves careful deliberation on the use of stem cells as related to human well-being and human freedom.   Several issues regarding this new technology have raised uproar and disagreements between the scientific community and ethics groups. One major ethical issue regarding the use of â€Å"spare† embryos is the lack of respect for the embryo.   The concern is associated to the possible future demand for embryos once this cellular technology is determined to be successfully therapeutic.   Embryos might later be treated as therapeutic materials or commodities instead of living beings at their initial stages.   There is also a risk for a devaluation of embryos, wherein the loss of human life may later in time be tolerated instead of prevented (Bobrow, 2005).   In addition, the acceptance of destruction of embryos may serve as a precedent for implementation of other controversial biomedical acts such as creation of embryo â€Å"factories†, cloned babies and mass production of â€Å"spare parts† from fetuses (Hug, 2005, 2006).   There is claim for the scientific community that employment of spare embryos may not automatically mean any disrespect towards embryos because the destruction of embry os in order to collect stem cells results in the provision of new therapeutics for specific medical disorders.   Certain scientists have actually claimed that it is more immoral to destroy embryos during in vitro fertilization because those embryos are not implanted or donated for further use but are actually discarded, unlike embryos that are destroyed for stem cell research which are cautiously propagated and ultimately designed to replace defective tissues and cells for medical therapeutics.   Such rebuttal from the scientific community is not good enough because they actually approach the issue of choosing between the lesser evil option. Another major issue that is being publicly scrutinized is whether the creation of embryos for research purposes is morally worse than using â€Å"spare† embryos from IVF cases for experiments.   Such issue reflects the intention of each act, and the idea of using leftover embryos from in vitro fertilization protocols is much more tolerable to society than the simple creation of research-oriented embryos because there is less guilt involved in using extra or spare embryos from IVF cases than creating embryos that could have been another human being but their chance to live has been taken away.   The scientific community has tried to explain that production and destruction of spare embryos is a normal physiological event during pregnancy, which enables a sibling embryo to complete the entire gestational range (Borge and Evers, 2003).   They claim that this kind of sacrifice is also necessary to promote life for the sibling embryo. After describing the pros and cons of two major ethical issues, I personally believe that the utilization of cloning techniques is unacceptable.   I think that the ethical questions raised against the technique shows that there is an urgent need to review and prevent the employment of such revolutionary technology, as well as promote the importance of human life and respect.   More effort should be given by both scientific and legislative communities to understand and disseminate any human rights that are violated by this technology, so that they would give more respect to life as all the rest of the society has shown over the last centuries. References Bobrow, J.C.   (2005):   The ethics and politics of stem cell research.   Trans. Am. Ophthalmol. Soc.   103:138-142. Bongso, A., Fong, C.Y., Ng, S.C. and Ratnam, S.   (1994):   Isolation and culture of inner cell mass cells from human blastocysts.   Hum. Reprod.   9:2110-2117. Borge, O.J. and Evers, K.   (2003):   Aspects on properties, use and ethical considerations of embryonic stem cells- A short review.   Cytotechnology   41:59-68. Brown T (2006):   Gene cloning and DNA analysis: An introduction.   Los Angeles: Blackwell Publishing Limited.   386 pages. Hug, K.   (2005):   Sources of human embryos for stem cell research:   Ethical problems and their possible solutions.   Medicina (Kaunas)   41(12):1002-1010. Hug, K.   (2006):   Therapeutic perspectives of human embryonic stem cell research versus the moral status of a human embryo- Does one have to be compromised for the other?   Medicina (Kaunas)   42(2):107-114. Taupin, P.   (2006):   Derivation of embryonic stem cells for cellular therapy:   Challenges and new strategies.   Med. Sci. Monit.   12(4):RA75-78. Wobus, A.M. and Boheler, K.R.   (2005):   Embryonic stem cells:   Prospects for developmental biology and cell therapy.   Physiol. Rev.   85:635-678.